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During the water cycle, when raindrops pass through highly polluted air containing SO₂ and NOₓ, what is the result?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Acid rain

Direct answer: B, acid rain. Raindrops absorb soluble pollutants while falling through the atmosphere. Sulfur dioxide can be oxidised and form sulfuric acid, while nitrogen oxides can form nitric acid. These acids mix with cloud droplets and rainwater, lowering its pH. The resulting acidic precipitation may acidify lakes and soils, leach nutrients, injure plants, and corrode metals or carbonate-containing stone. A is wrong because polluted rain is not simply pure fresh water. C is wrong because saltwater is produced mainly by dissolved salts, not by acidic sulfur and nitrogen compounds. D means a solid changing directly into a gas, which is unrelated to polluted rainfall. The gases do not necessarily create pure acids in every droplet, but they are major precursors of acid deposition. Memory cue: SO₂ gives sulfuric acid; NOₓ gives nitric acid.

Related tags

Acid-RainAir-PollutionWater-CycleHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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