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How does an increase in the surface water temperature of oceans affect the formation of cyclones?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Increased evaporation can increase cyclone intensity and, under suitable conditions, frequency

Direct answer: B. Warm ocean surfaces increase evaporation, placing more water vapour in the lower atmosphere. As moist air rises inside a developing cyclone, the vapour condenses into clouds and releases latent heat. This heat lowers pressure and strengthens the rising motion, allowing the storm to draw in more moist air. Thus warm water can make tropical cyclones more intense, provided other conditions such as rotation, sufficient distance from the equator, and limited wind shear are also favourable. A is wrong because warm water does not stop cyclone formation. C confuses the storm’s heat source with its visible cloud temperature; the important effect is energy release during condensation. D concerns groundwater, not the immediate ocean-atmosphere mechanism. Memory cue: warm sea supplies vapour; condensation supplies energy. Frequency is not guaranteed everywhere, so “can” is more scientifically careful than an absolute claim.

Related tags

CyclonesOcean-TemperatureEvaporationHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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