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Which physical stage of the water cycle affects the heat capacity of the atmosphere?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Transport of water vapour and transfer of its latent heat

Direct answer: A, transport of water vapour and transfer of latent heat. Water changes between liquid, vapour, and ice during the water cycle. When liquid water evaporates, it absorbs latent heat from its surroundings; when vapour condenses, that stored energy is released. Water vapour also absorbs outgoing infrared radiation and therefore strongly influences atmospheric heat retention and effective heat capacity. The movement of vapour carries both water and energy from one region to another. A is correct because it directly links a water-cycle stage with atmospheric energy transfer. B, soil percolation, moves water downward through soil and does not primarily control atmospheric heat capacity. C, melting ice uses heat locally but is not the main atmospheric transport process described. D, surface-water velocity describes motion, not the transfer of latent heat to the atmosphere. Memory cue: evaporation stores heat; condensation releases it. Note that the original key B was incorrect and has been corrected.

Related tags

Water-CycleLatent-HeatAtmospheric-HeatHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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