The thick, waxy cuticle on plant leaves primarily minimizes transpiration in which type of plants?

Correct answer: Desert plants, or xerophytes

Direct answer: B, xerophytes. Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from a plant, mainly through stomata and also through the cuticle. Desert plants face limited water availability, high evaporative demand and often strong sunlight. A thick, waxy and highly cutinised cuticle forms a relatively water-resistant surface, reducing direct evaporation through the epidermis. Many xerophytes also show other adaptations, such as reduced leaves, sunken stomata or water-storage tissues, but the question asks specifically about the cuticle. A is not the best answer because submerged aquatic plants have little need for a thick anti-water-loss cuticle. C may have a cuticle, but usually not the extreme thickening characteristic of xerophytes. D is too narrow and is not a general defining adaptation of parasites. Memory cue: “xerophyte means dry habitat; thick cuticle saves water.”