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When raindrops dissolve nitrogen oxides (NOx) present in polluted air, what is formed?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Nitric acid, which contributes to acid rain

Correct answer: B. Nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, industries, and combustion can react in the atmosphere with oxygen, water vapour, and cloud or rainwater. These reactions can produce nitric acid and related nitrate compounds. When the acidic water reaches the ground as precipitation, it contributes to acid rain. The wording “contribute” is important: natural rain is already mildly acidic because dissolved carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid, and sulfur oxides can produce sulfuric acid. A is associated mainly with sulfur oxides, not nitrogen oxides. C is not the expected product of NOx dissolving in rainwater. D may form naturally when carbon dioxide dissolves, but it is not the specific acid produced from nitrogen oxides. Acidic deposition can affect soils, freshwater, vegetation, and structures, although the severity depends on concentration and local conditions. Memory cue: NOx points to nitric acid; SOx points to sulfuric acid.

Related tags

Acid RainNitrogen OxidesNitric AcidPrecipitationHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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