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Why is the moist adiabatic lapse rate lower than the dry adiabatic lapse rate?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Because latent heat is released during condensation

Correct answer: B. An adiabatically rising air parcel expands because surrounding pressure decreases with height. Expansion causes cooling without direct exchange of heat with the surroundings. In dry air, there is little condensation, so the cooling rate is relatively high and is called the dry adiabatic lapse rate. In moist air, cooling eventually causes water vapour to condense into cloud droplets. Condensation releases latent heat that had been stored when water previously evaporated. This released heat partly offsets the cooling caused by expansion. Therefore, the temperature of saturated rising air decreases more slowly with height, giving a lower moist adiabatic lapse rate. A is not the controlling explanation, and moist air is not simply defined here by higher density. C does not explain the specific difference between the two lapse rates. D concerns radiation absorption by ozone, not latent heat during ascent. Memory cue: condensation gives heat back, so moist rising air cools more slowly.

Related tags

Moist Adiabatic Lapse RateLatent HeatCondensationAtmosphereHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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