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What does the phenomenon of throughfall represent in the hydrological cycle?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Rainwater passing through the vegetation canopy and reaching the ground

Correct answer: B. When rain reaches a forest or other vegetation, some water is caught temporarily by leaves and branches. Some of that intercepted water evaporates, some may flow down stems as stemflow, and another portion falls through gaps in the canopy or drips from leaf surfaces to the ground. This part is called throughfall. It is therefore a transfer of precipitation from the vegetation canopy to the soil surface, not a change of water into vapour. A describes evaporation or vaporisation, not throughfall. C is not a normal definition of throughfall and also contradicts the usual downward movement of water under gravity. D refers to glacier melting, which is a different source of runoff. Memory cue: “through the canopy” gives the word throughfall; the water passes through vegetation and falls below.

Related tags

ThroughfallCanopyPrecipitationForest HydrologyHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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