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How does excessive soil salinity hinder water absorption by plant roots?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It lowers the osmotic potential of the external soil medium

Direct answer: B. Dissolved salts reduce the water potential of the soil solution, especially its osmotic or solute component, making it more negative. Water moves from a region of higher water potential to lower water potential. If the salty soil solution has a water potential close to or lower than that of root cells, the gradient driving entry into the roots becomes small or may reverse. Absorption therefore slows, and severe salinity can cause physiological drought even when soil appears wet. A is too absolute: salinity can injure roots at high levels, but the immediate water-uptake explanation is reduced external water potential. C and D do not explain osmosis. Memory cue: salty soil “holds” water osmotically, so roots have difficulty pulling it in.

Related tags

Soil SalinityOsmosisWater PotentialRoot AbsorptionHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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