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During the water cycle, dissolution of atmospheric carbon dioxide in raindrops forms which weak acid?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Carbonic acid

Direct answer: B, carbonic acid. Atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in water and establishes an equilibrium: CO₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃. Carbonic acid is weak and only partly ionizes, but it still makes clean rainwater mildly acidic, commonly near pH 5.6 under ordinary conditions. This natural acidity is different from enhanced acidity caused by pollutants such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, which can contribute to acid rain. A is not formed simply by dissolving ordinary atmospheric CO₂; sulfuric acid requires sulfur-containing compounds and oxidation. C requires nitrogen oxides and related reactions. D is the acid associated with ethanoic acid, not the normal CO₂–water reaction. Memory cue: carbon dioxide plus water gives carbonic acid—the names begin with the same “carbon” root.

Related tags

Carbonic AcidCarbon DioxideRainwaterAcid RainHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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