How does the dominance of fine soil particles such as clay affect infiltration capacity?

Correct answer: It slows the infiltration rate because of small, narrow pores

Correct answer: B. Infiltration is the entry of water from the ground surface into soil. Clay has many very small pores. Although such soil can have high total porosity and may hold considerable water, its tiny pores are poorly connected for rapid flow, so its permeability and saturated hydraulic conductivity are low. Water therefore enters clay-rich soil slowly, especially when the surface becomes sealed or compacted. Option A confuses porosity with infiltration: many small pore spaces do not necessarily allow fast movement. Option C is unrelated; clay does not automatically destroy soil. Option D concerns a surface-to-atmosphere process, while infiltration is downward movement into soil. Memory cue: sandy soil usually infiltrates faster; clay holds water more strongly but transmits it slowly.