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How does sulphur dioxide (SO₂) from industrial areas affect aquatic ecosystems through the water cycle?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It contributes to acid rain, lowering lake pH and harming aquatic life

Correct answer: B. Sulphur dioxide released by burning sulphur-containing fuels can enter the atmosphere. There it can be oxidised and can react with water in atmospheric droplets to form sulphurous and sulphuric acids. These acidic substances may return to Earth in rain, snow or dry deposition, producing acid deposition. When acidic water enters lakes and streams, their pH can fall. Low pH can stress or kill sensitive fish and invertebrates, interfere with reproduction, and mobilise toxic metals such as aluminium from surrounding soils. The exact severity depends on emission levels, weather and the buffering capacity of the water body. A is wrong because acidification generally harms sensitive organisms rather than accelerating growth. C is the opposite of the effect, and D is impossible because SO₂ does not stop evaporation. Memory cue: SO₂ plus atmospheric moisture can mean acid deposition and lower pH.

Related tags

Sulphur-DioxideAcid-RainAquatic-EcosystemsHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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