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For condensation to occur during the water cycle, what is mandatory for the air?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The air must cool to its dew point

Answer: B. Air contains water vapour, and its capacity to hold vapour depends strongly on temperature. When moist air cools to its dew point, it becomes saturated: the actual vapour pressure reaches the saturation vapour pressure at that temperature. Further cooling, or contact with a colder surface, allows excess vapour to change into liquid droplets or ice crystals. This phase change is condensation and can produce dew, fog, or clouds when suitable nuclei are present. A is wrong because hot, dry air favours evaporation and can hold more vapour. C is wrong because condensation can occur while air is moving, so zero wind is not mandatory. D is wrong because a pressure change alone is not the essential condition stated here. Memory cue: dew point means “cool enough for vapour to become liquid.”

Related tags

CondensationDew PointWater CycleHydrological CycleThe Living WorldBiologyClass 11 Mcq

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