If organs of two species are similar, why does this not always prove a close relationship?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: Because similarity may also be due to similar function in analogous organs
The governing distinction is between homologous and analogous organs. Homologous organs have a similar basic structural plan because of common ancestry, even if their functions differ. Analogous organs may perform similar functions but have different structural origins, as in the wings of birds and insects; their similarity reflects adaptation to a similar function, not necessarily close ancestry. Thus A is correct. B, C, and D wrongly reject the value of comparative anatomy or evolutionary history.
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What is the correct answer to this question?
Because similarity may also be due to similar function in analogous organs
Why is this the correct answer?
The governing distinction is between homologous and analogous organs. Homologous organs have a similar basic structural plan because of common ancestry, even if their functions differ. Analogous organs may perform similar functions but have different structural origins, as in the wings of birds and insects; their similarity reflects adaptation to a similar function, not necessarily close ancestry. Thus A is correct. B, C, and D wrongly reject the value of comparative anatomy or evolutionary history.
Which subject and chapter does this question cover?
This is a Class 10 Science question. Chapter: World of Living. Topic: Heredity and Evolution.
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