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Dark-coloured moths survived better in industrial areas because they were less visible on soot-darkened surfaces. Which principle does this support?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Natural selection

This is the classic industrial melanism example. The moth population already showed colour variation, and soot-darkened surroundings changed which colour provided better camouflage. Dark moths were less visible to predators, survived more often and reproduced more successfully. Their frequency therefore increased through natural selection. Option B is correct; artificial selection requires deliberate human choice, while test crosses and self-pollination are breeding concepts unrelated to this survival pattern.

Related tags

Industrial MelanismNatural SelectionCamouflageEvolutionHeredity And EvolutionWorld Of LivingScienceClass 10 Mcq

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