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A number and 15 more than it have sum 53. What is the smaller number?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 19

Let the smaller number be x. The number that is 15 more than it is x + 15. Their sum is 53, so x + (x + 15) = 53. Simplifying gives 2x + 15 = 53, then 2x = 38 and x = 19. Therefore option B is correct. A direct check gives 19 + 34 = 53, and 34 is exactly 15 more than 19. Option D is the larger number rather than the smaller one. Options A and C produce sums of 49 and 57, respectively, when paired with the number 15 greater than them. This problem illustrates that a word problem may lead to a linear equation rather than a quadratic one; the topic is still an application of algebraic equations, but no square term is needed.

Related tags

Linear EquationsWord ProblemsNumber ComparisonWord Problems And ApplicationsQuadratic EquationsMathematicsClass 10 Mcq

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