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In Class 10 Mathematics, this topic from the Real Numbers chapter explains how rational numbers are represented in decimal form. Students learn to distinguish terminating decimals from non-terminating recurring decimals and determine the type of expansion by reducing a fraction to its simplest form and examining the prime factors of its denominator. The topic also develops accuracy in long division, fraction-to-decimal conversion, and understanding the relationship between rational numbers and their decimal representations.
TOPIC PRACTICE
Quiz this set
Up to 25 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.
25 questions
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Expert · Level 5View options
Terminating
Non-terminating recurring
Non-terminating non-recurring
Terminating after two places
Expert · Level 5View options
(2^6\cdot 5^4)
(2^8\cdot 5^3)
(2^5\cdot 5^5)
(2^4\cdot 5^7)
Expert · Level 5View options
8
9
10
a+10
Expert · Level 5View options
(\frac{21}{25000})
(\frac{84}{10000})
(\frac{42}{50000})
(\frac{7}{2500})
Expert · Level 5View options
(4)
(6)
(10)
None
Expert · Level 5View options
Both are true and the reason explains it
Both are true but the reason does not explain it
Assertion is true but reason is false
Assertion is false but reason is true
Expert · Level 5View options
(3)
(5)
(7)
It will not terminate
Expert · Level 5View options
At most (8) places
Exactly (9) or (10) places
It will not terminate
Exactly (10) places only
Expert · Level 5View options
(\frac{3}{550})
(\frac{54}{990})
(\frac{6}{1100})
(\frac{1}{550})
Expert · Level 5View options
(4)
(5)
(6)
(10)
Expert · Level 5View options
(0.46)
(0.47)
(\frac{469}{999})
(\frac{4699}{10000})
Expert · Level 5View options
(171)
(1539)
(3078)
(7695)
Expert · Level 5View options
Terminating after (2) places
Terminating after (3) places
Non-terminating recurring
Non-terminating non-recurring
Expert · Level 5View options
Terminating rational
Non-terminating recurring rational
Non-terminating non-recurring irrational
Integer
Expert · Level 5View options
296
592
1184
23125
Expert · Level 5View options
Terminates exactly after (7) places
Terminates exactly after (14) places
Non-terminating recurring
Places depend only on the numerator
Expert · Level 5View options
(4)
(5)
(9)
It will not terminate
Expert · Level 5View options
(10^7)
(10^8)
(10^9)
(5^9)
Expert · Level 5View options
(\frac{7}{111})
(\frac{63}{99})
(\frac{21}{333})
(\frac{1}{37})
Expert · Level 5View options
Terminating after (5) places
Terminating after (7) places
Non-terminating recurring
Non-terminating non-recurring
Expert · Level 5View options
(3)
(4)
(7)
None
Expert · Level 5View options
(\frac{3}{64})
(\frac{15}{320})
(\frac{75}{1600})
(\frac{1}{64})
Expert · Level 5View options
Terminating
Non-terminating recurring
Non-terminating non-recurring
Terminating after one place
Expert · Level 5View options
(\frac{62}{2^4\cdot 5^3\cdot 31})
(\frac{93}{2^4\cdot 5^3\cdot 31})
(\frac{47}{2^4\cdot 5^3\cdot 31})
(\frac{29}{2^4\cdot 5^3\cdot 31})
Expert · Level 5View options
Terminating
Non-terminating recurring
Non-terminating non-recurring
Irrational
Question 1ExpertLevel 5
What type of decimal expansion will (\frac{55}{2^2\cdot 5^3\cdot 11^2}) have?
Correct answer: B
The direct answer is B, non-terminating recurring. Factor the numerator: \\(55=5\\cdot11\\). The denominator is \\(2^2\\cdot5^3\\cdot11^2\\). Cancel one 5 and one 11. The reduced denominator becomes \\(2^2\\cdot5^2\\cdot11\\). A reduced denominator permits a terminating decimal only if all its prime factors are 2 or 5. Since 11 remains, termination is impossible. This is still a rational number, so its decimal is non-terminating but repeating. Option A, terminating, ignores the remaining 11. Option B is correct. Option C, non-terminating non-recurring, is associated with irrational numbers, whereas this is a quotient of integers. Option D, terminating after two places, is unsupported and also contradicted by 11. Exam cue: cancel common factors first; one leftover prime other than 2 or 5 is enough to decide.
If \(\dfrac{31}{2^a5^b}\) terminates exactly after 10 decimal places and \(b>a\), what is the value of \(b\)?
Correct answer: C
A rational number in lowest terms has a terminating decimal iff its denominator's prime factors are only 2 and/or 5. Here 31 is coprime to 2 and 5, so the denominator remains \(2^a5^b\). The number of decimal places for termination equals \(\max(a,b)\). Given that this equals 10 and that \(b>a\), the larger exponent must be \(b\), so \(b=10\). The distractor \(a+10\) is incorrect because the termination length is not a sum involving \(a\) but the maximum of the exponents. Exam tip: always reduce the fraction first and use "termination length = max(exponents of 2 and 5 in denominator" ).
In (\frac{1}{2^4\cdot 5^6\cdot 17}), how many non-repeating decimal digits appear before the recurring part starts?
Correct answer: B
The factor (17) makes the decimal recurring, and the larger exponent among (2) and (5) is (6), giving the initial non-repeating part. Understand recurrence and delay separately.
Assertion: (\frac{169}{2^3\cdot 5^4\cdot 13^2}) has a terminating decimal. Reason: After reducing, only (2) and (5) remain in the denominator. Choose the correct option.
Correct answer: A
Since (169=13^2), the reduced denominator is (2^3\cdot 5^4). Therefore the reason correctly explains the terminating decimal rule.
After how many decimal places will (\frac{3^4\cdot 5^2}{2^7\cdot 3^4\cdot 5^5}) terminate?
Correct answer: C
The direct answer is C, 7 decimal places. Cancel the common factor \\(3^4\\) from numerator and denominator. For powers of 5, \\(5^2/5^5=1/5^3\\). Therefore the reduced fraction has denominator \\(2^7\\cdot5^3\\). It contains only 2 and 5, so the decimal terminates. To express the denominator as a power of 10, the larger exponent, 7, determines the number of places; the three factors of 5 are paired with three of the seven factors of 2, and the remaining four factors of 2 are supplied with 5s. Option A, 3, considers only the power of 5. Option B, 5, is neither the required maximum nor the result of the cancellation. Option C, 7, is correct. Option D, non-terminating, is wrong because no prime factor other than 2 and 5 remains. Reduce first, then compare exponents.
After how many decimal places will (\frac{2^5\cdot 5^2}{2^{10}\cdot 5^6}) terminate?
Correct answer: B
The direct answer is B, 5 decimal places. Cancel powers with the same base: \\(2^5/2^{10}=1/2^5\\) and \\(5^2/5^6=1/5^4\\). The reduced denominator is \\(2^5\\cdot5^4\\). Since it contains only 2 and 5, the decimal terminates. The larger exponent is 5, so five decimal places are sufficient and determine the terminating length in this question. Option A, 4, uses only the exponent of 5 and misses one factor of 2. Option B, 5, is correct. Option C, 6, incorrectly adds or otherwise misreads the exponents. Option D, 10, uses the original denominator exponent of 2 without cancellation. Do not count all original powers; first subtract exponents when the same bases occur in numerator and denominator. Memory cue: reduce, check only 2 and 5, then take the larger exponent.
The answer is B, 0.47. Infinitely repeating 9s make the decimal equal to the next terminating decimal: 0.46999… = 0.47000… = 0.47. To reason carefully, 0.46 is followed by 0.00999…, and that repeating part equals 0.01; therefore 0.46 + 0.01 = 0.47. A, 0.46, ignores the positive repeating tail and is too small. B is correct because it is the exact equivalent value. C, 469/999, produces a different repeating pattern, 0.469469…, not 0.46999…. D, 4699/10000, equals 0.4699 and stops before reaching 0.47. Exam cue: a final infinite string of 9s causes carrying, not ordinary rounding based on a later unknown digit.
What type of decimal expansion will (\frac{245}{2^2\cdot 5^2\cdot 7^3}) have?
Correct answer: C
The direct answer is option C: non-terminating recurring. To decide the decimal type, first reduce the fraction by cancelling common factors. Since 245 = 5 × 7², the numerator cancels one factor 5 and two factors 7 from the denominator 2² × 5² × 7³. The reduced denominator is therefore 2² × 5 × 7. A rational number has a terminating decimal only when, after reduction, its denominator has no prime factors except 2 and 5. Here the factor 7 remains, so the decimal cannot terminate. Because the number is rational, its decimal digits must eventually repeat; hence it is non-terminating recurring. Option A is wrong because a factor 7 remains, so it does not end after two places. Option B is wrong for the same reason; it does not end after three places. Option C is correct because the decimal continues and repeats. Option D is wrong because every rational number has either a terminating or a recurring decimal, never a non-recurring one. Memory cue: reduced denominator containing only 2s and 5s means terminating; any other prime factor means recurring.
If \(\dfrac{37}{2^4\cdot 5^8}\) is written as \(\dfrac{N}{10^8}\), what is \(N\)?
Correct answer: B
Reason: \(10^8=2^8\cdot5^8\). The given denominator has \(5^8\) but only \(2^4\). To convert the denominator to \(2^8\cdot5^8\) multiply numerator and denominator by \(2^4=16\). Thus \(N=37\times16=592\). About distractors: C (1184) corresponds to multiplying by 32 (\(2^5\)) mistakenly; A (296) is half of the correct value (\(37\times8\)) and often comes from dividing instead of multiplying; D (23125) would result from incorrectly multiplying by \(5^4=625\) (\(37\times625\)). Exam tip: factorise \(10^n\) as \(2^n\cdot5^n\) and balance the powers of 2 and 5 to find the factor for the numerator quickly.
If the reduced denominator is (q=2^7\cdot 5^7), what is certain about the decimal expansion?
Correct answer: A
The reduced denominator is (10^7), so the decimal terminates exactly after (7) places. If the denominator is reduced, do not assume further cancellation.
A fraction has reduced denominator (2^5\cdot 5^2\cdot 7^0\cdot 19^0). What type of decimal expansion will it have?
Correct answer: A
Both (7^0) and (19^0) equal (1), so the effective denominator is (2^5\cdot 5^2). The larger exponent is (5), so the decimal terminates after (5) places.
In the decimal expansion of (\frac{1}{2^7\cdot 5^3\cdot 41}), how many non-repeating digits appear before the recurring part?
Correct answer: C
The factor (41) makes the decimal recurring, and the larger exponent of (2) and (5) is (7), giving the non-repeating start. In mixed denominators, the larger exponent gives the delay.
What type of decimal expansion will (\frac{320}{2^7\cdot 5^3\cdot 11}) have?
Correct answer: B
The direct answer is option B: non-terminating recurring. First factor the numerator: 320 = 2⁶ × 5. The denominator is 2⁷ × 5³ × 11. Cancelling 2⁶ and one factor 5 leaves 2 × 5² × 11 in the denominator. For a rational fraction in lowest terms, a terminating decimal is possible only if the denominator contains no primes other than 2 and 5. The factor 11 remains, so the decimal does not terminate. Since the fraction is rational, its continuing decimal digits must repeat in a cycle, so it is non-terminating recurring. Option A is wrong because the denominator is not made only of 2s and 5s. Option B is correct because 11 remains after reduction. Option C is wrong because a rational number cannot have a non-terminating non-recurring decimal. Option D is wrong because the presence of 11 prevents termination after one place, and in fact prevents termination at any finite place. Memory cue: always cancel first, then inspect the remaining denominator; 2 and 5 only means terminating.
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