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Geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial.
बहुपद के शून्यकों का ज्यामितीय अर्थ
In this Class 10 Mathematics topic from Polynomials, students understand the geometrical meaning of a polynomial’s zeroes by connecting algebraic expressions with their graphs. A zero is represented by the x-coordinate where the graph meets or touches the x-axis. Students learn how the number of points of intersection indicates the number of real zeroes, and interpret graphs of linear, quadratic, and other polynomial functions to relate their shapes and x-intercepts to solutions of p(x) = 0.
TOPIC PRACTICE
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Up to 25 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.
25 questions
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Hard · Level 3View options
(x=k)
(x=2k)
(x=-2k)
(x=4k)
Hard · Level 3View options
(m,0) and (n,0)
(0,m) and (0,n)
(-m,0) and (-n,0)
(m,n) and (n,m)
Hard · Level 3View options
(-5)
(5)
(-7)
(7)
Hard · Level 3View options
It will cross at both zeroes
It will touch at both zeroes
It will cross only at (x=-3)
It will not meet anywhere
Hard · Level 3View options
((-3,0))
((-6,0))
((3,0))
((0,-3))
Hard · Level 3View options
((7,0)) and ((-3,0))
((-7,0)) and ((3,0))
((0,7)) and ((0,-3))
((21,0)) and ((-4,0))
Hard · Level 3View options
(0) is a zero because the graph passes through the origin (0,0); hence \(p(0)=0\)
There can be no zero
It is only a y-intercept, so it is not a zero
Every x is a zero
Hard · Level 3View options
((6,0))
((-6,0))
((12,0))
((0,36))
Hard · Level 3View options
(a+b+c)
(abc)
(0)
(ab+c)
Hard · Level 3View options
Because it is ((x+2)^2+4)
Because it is ((x+2)^2)
Because its zeroes are (2) and (4)
Because it is a constant polynomial
Hard · Level 3View options
The graph will cross the (x)-axis
The graph will touch the (x)-axis
The graph will not meet the (x)-axis
(x=3) is not a zero
Hard · Level 3View options
(x=b-2)
(x=b+2)
(x=2b-4)
(x=b-4)
Hard · Level 3View options
(0,-4), (0,1), (0,8)
(-4,0), (1,0), (8,0)
(-4,1), (1,8), (8,-4)
(4,0), (-1,0), (-8,0)
Hard · Level 3View options
Positive
Negative
Zero
Cannot be determined
Hard · Level 3View options
Other (4), intersections ((3,0)), ((4,0))
Other (-4), intersections ((3,0)), ((-4,0))
Other (7), intersections ((3,0)), ((7,0))
Other (0), intersections ((3,0)), ((0,0))
Hard · Level 3View options
The zeroes are equal
The zeroes are opposites and their sum is (0)
Both zeroes are negative
The product is (36)
Hard · Level 3View options
\(\left(\frac{4}{3},0\right)\) and \(\left(-\frac{4}{3},0\right)\)
\(\left(4,0\right)\) and \(\left(-4,0\right)\)
\(\left(\frac{3}{4},0\right)\) and \(\left(-\frac{3}{4},0\right)\)
None
Hard · Level 3View options
One
Two
Three
Cannot be determined
Hard · Level 3View options
((-2,0)) and ((2,0))
((-4,0)) and ((4,0))
((0,0)), ((2,0)), ((-2,0))
None
Hard · Level 3View options
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Hard · Level 3View options
The graph cuts the (x)-axis twice
The graph touches the (x)-axis once
The graph does not cut the (x)-axis
The graph is the (y)-axis
Hard · Level 3View options
(0,1,5)
(0,-1,-5)
(1,5,6)
Only (0)
Hard · Level 3View options
It is the midpoint of the two zeroes
It is certainly a zero
It is a (y)-axis intercept
It is the smallest zero
Hard · Level 3View options
Above
Below
On the (x)-axis
Cannot be determined
Hard · Level 3View options
2
8
-8
-2
Question 1HardLevel 3
If (p(x)=x^2-4kx+4k^2), at which (x)-value will the graph touch the (x)-axis?
Correct answer: B
The graph touches the x-axis when the polynomial has a repeated zero. Here, the expression can be rewritten as a perfect square: \(p(x)=x^2-4kx+4k^2=(x-2k)^2\). A square is zero only when its inside expression is zero, so \(x-2k=0\), giving \(x=2k\). Thus the graph has one repeated intercept and touches the x-axis at the point whose x-coordinate is \(2k\), not at \(k\), \(-2k\), or \(4k\). Recognising the perfect-square form is the quickest method.
Equivalently, the quadratic formula gives a discriminant of \((-4k)^2-4(1)(4k^2)=0\), confirming that both zeroes coincide. Their common value is \(\frac{4k}{2}=2k\). Therefore option B is correct. The graph does not cross the axis at this repeated zero; it merely touches it, because \((x-2k)^2\) is never negative.
If \(p(x)=x^2-(m+n)x+mn\), what are the x-axis intersections (x-intercepts) of its graph?
Correct answer: A
Factor the polynomial: \(p(x)=x^2-(m+n)x+mn=(x-m)(x-n)\). Hence the roots are \(x=m\) and \(x=n\), so the x-intercepts are (m,0) and (n,0). Closest distractor (\(-m,0\),\(-n,0\)) is incorrect because the signs are negated; (0,m),(0,n) are y-intercepts; (m,n) are arbitrary coordinate points and do not represent roots. Exam tip: set \(p(x)=0\) or factorize to find roots, then report each root as (root,0).
If (p(x)=x^2-4x-21), what are the (x)-axis intersections of the graph?
Correct answer: A
The direct answer is option A: the x-axis intersections are (7,0) and (-3,0). Factor the polynomial: x^2-4x-21=(x-7)(x+3), because the numbers -7 and 3 multiply to -21 and add to -4. Set p(x)=0: (x-7)(x+3)=0. Hence x=7 or x=-3. An x-axis point has y=0, so the points are (7,0) and (-3,0). Option A is correct. Option B has both signs reversed; substituting 7 and -3 into the factors shows the actual roots. Option C lists points on the y-axis because their x-coordinate is 0, not x-axis intersections. Option D incorrectly uses the constant and x-coefficient as roots; coefficients are not automatically zeroes. Memory cue: factor, set each factor to zero, then write (root,0).
If the graph of a polynomial function intersects the y-axis at the origin (0,0), which conclusion about its zeros is correct?
Correct answer: A
A zero (root) is an x-value a for which the function value is zero, i.e. the graph passes through (a,0). If the graph meets the y-axis at (0,0), that point lies on the x-axis as well, so \(p(0)=0\) and x=0 is a root. The closest distractor (C) is wrong because although a generic y-intercept need not be a root, the specific y-intercept here is the origin, which is also an x-intercept. Exam tip: any point of the form (a,0) on the graph immediately tells you x=a is a zero of the polynomial.
If the zeros of a graph are -4, 1 and 8, what is the correct set of x-axis intersection points?
Correct answer: B
A zero r corresponds to the point (r,0) on the x-axis because at x=r the function value y=0. Therefore for zeros -4, 1 and 8 the x-axis intersections are (-4,0), (1,0) and (8,0), which is option B. Option A is a common error: it places the zeros as y-coordinates, giving points on the y-axis. Exam tip: always treat a zero as the x-coordinate (write it as (x,0)) and keep the given order unless asked otherwise.
If a graph cuts the (x)-axis at (x=-6) and (x=6), which statement is most correct?
Correct answer: B
Direct answer: Option B. The graph cuts the x-axis at x=-6 and x=6, so the zeroes are -6 and 6. They have equal magnitudes but opposite signs: 6=-(-6). Their sum is (-6)+6=0. Their product is (-6)(6)=-36, not 36. Option A, equal zeroes, is false because -6 and 6 are different. Option B is correct because the numbers are opposites and their sum is zero. Option C is false because one zero is negative and the other is positive. Option D is false because the product is negative 36. On a graph, opposite zeroes lie the same distance from the y-axis, one on each side. Exam cue: when roots are a and -a, their sum is 0 but their product is -a^2.
If p(x)=9x^2-16, what are the x-axis intersections (x-intercepts) of its graph?
Correct answer: A
Set p(x)=0 to find x-intercepts: 9x^2-16=0 ⇒ 9x^2=16 ⇒ x^2=16/9 ⇒ x=±4/3. Alternatively factor as a difference of squares: 9x^2-16=(3x-4)(3x+4), giving x=4/3 and x=-4/3. Distractor C (±3/4) is the reciprocal mistake; B (±4) would be from x^2-16=0. Exam tip: either factor as (3x-4)(3x+4) or take square roots after isolating x^2 to avoid arithmetic slips.
If (p(x)=x^4-16), what are the real (x)-axis intersections?
Correct answer: A
The direct answer is option A: the real x-axis intersections are (-2,0) and (2,0). Set x^4-16=0. Using difference of squares, x^4-16=(x^2-4)(x^2+4)=(x-2)(x+2)(x^2+4). Thus x=2 or x=-2 from the first factors. The equation x^2+4=0 gives x^2=-4, which has no real solution because a real square cannot be negative. Therefore the real points are (-2,0) and (2,0). Option A is correct. Option B confuses 4 with its square root and gives ±4. Option C wrongly includes 0; p(0)=-16, not 0. Option D is wrong because two real roots exist. The question asks for real intersections, so non-real complex roots are not plotted on the real coordinate plane. Memory cue: solve every factor, then discard non-real solutions when real intersections are requested.
If (p(x)=x^3-6x^2+5x), what is the set of zeroes of the graph?
Correct answer: A
The direct answer is option A: the zero set is {0,1,5}. First take the common factor x: x^3-6x^2+5x=x(x^2-6x+5). The quadratic factors as (x-1)(x-5), since -1 and -5 multiply to 5 and add to -6. Therefore p(x)=x(x-1)(x-5). Set each factor equal to zero: x=0, x=1, or x=5. Hence the graph has x-intercepts (0,0), (1,0), and (5,0), and its zero set is 0,1,5. Option A is correct. Option B changes both positive roots to negative values. Option C includes 6, which is a coefficient in the expression, not a root, and omits 0. Option D is wrong because all three values make the polynomial zero. Memory cue: extract the common factor first, then factor the remaining quadratic.
If a graph touches the x-axis at \\((5,0)\\) and crosses it at \\((-3,0)\\), what is the sum of the zeroes?
Correct answer: A
The x-intercepts \\((5,0)\\) and \\((-3,0)\\) correspond to zeroes 5 and −3. Their sum is \\(5+(-3)=2\\). Note: a touch-point is still a zero (usually even multiplicity) and a cross-point is a zero with odd multiplicity, but multiplicity does not change the numerical values of the zeroes. Exam tip: use the x-coordinates of the given intercepts as the roots directly.
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