What was the major result of the German Revolution of 1918?
Correct answer: A
The German Revolution of 1918 ended monarchy and moved Germany toward a republic. Link it with the end of World War I in exams.
General Knowledge
Revolutions of the World
विश्व की क्रांतियाँ
In Class 10 General Knowledge under the World History chapter, this topic introduces major revolutions from different parts of the world. Students learn how political, social, and economic inequalities led people to challenge existing systems, and how revolutionary movements changed governments, rights, societies, and the course of global history.
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- Abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II and beginning of the Weimar Republic
- Establishment of the Roman Empire
- Return of Napoleon
- Merger of Britain into Germany
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- Modernization and strengthening central rule
- Increasing feudal isolation
- Becoming a colony of China
- Stopping industrial development
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- Major revolutionary leader
- British Prime Minister
- French king
- Russian Tsar
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- 1776
- 1781
- 1787
- 1799
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- Peasant tax
- Military court
- Council of workers and soldiers
- Royal court
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- In moderate and radical political positions
- Completely in language and religion
- Both were monarchists
- Both were foreign armies
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- It made the British military defeat decisive
- It cancelled the American Constitution
- It made France Britain's ally
- It returned the colonies to Britain
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- Proclamation of the Republic in France
- Colonial rule over England
- Restoration of the Tsar
- Drafting the American Constitution
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- Peace, land, and bread
- King, church, and nobles
- Tax, war, and empire
- Trade, gold, and colonies
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- Revolutionary military campaign
- Leadership of British Parliament
- Service of the Russian Tsar
- China's Cultural Revolution
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- State debt and unequal tax system
- Large treasury and equal taxes
- Complete foreign trade control by peasants
- Abolition of all taxes by the king
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- Textile industry
- Iron ore mining
- Printing industry
- Shipbuilding
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- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
- Suleiman the Magnificent
- Napoleon Bonaparte
- Abraham Lincoln
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- Duma
- Senate of Rome
- French Directory
- American Congress
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- Executive with five directors
- King's private army
- Council of priests
- Peasant tax committee
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- South American independence struggle
- Russian peasant revolt
- French Reign of Terror
- Chinese Cultural Revolution
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- 1789
- 1791
- 1792
- 1804
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- Strengthening public opinion for independence
- Campaigning for British monarchy
- Immediately abolishing slavery
- Writing the French Constitution
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- Revolutions of 1848 in Europe
- Cuban Revolution of 1959
- Russian October Revolution of 1917
- Iranian Revolution of 1979
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- Pace of revolution and level of political radicalism
- Both only opposed industrial machines
- Both supported the British monarchy
- Both immediately made Napoleon emperor
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- Russia made an agreement with Germany to exit World War I
- Russia started ruling France
- Tsar Nicholas II became king again
- The Bolshevik Party was immediately dissolved
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- End of military dictatorship and beginning of democracy
- Restoration of French monarchy
- Return of Tsarism in Russia
- Creation of American colonies
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- Somoza family rule
- Pahlavi Shah rule
- Rule of Tsar Nicholas II
- Qing dynasty
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- Louis Philippe
- Louis XVI
- Charles X
- Napoleon III
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- Soviet Union
- British Empire
- Spain
- Japan
What was the main aim of the Meiji Restoration in Japan?
Correct answer: A
The Meiji Restoration moved Japan toward modern industry and a centralized state. Link it with Japan's rapid modernization in exams.
What was Toussaint Louverture's role in the Haitian Revolution?
Correct answer: A
Toussaint Louverture was one of the most important leaders of the Haitian Revolution. Link him with the struggle against slavery in exams.
In which year was the American Constitution drafted?
Correct answer: C
The American Constitution was drafted in 1787 at the Philadelphia Convention. In exams, remember the years of the Declaration and Constitution separately.
In the Russian Revolution, what did the term Soviet generally mean?
Correct answer: C
Soviets were councils of workers and soldiers. Remember them as alternative organs of popular power in exams.
In the French Revolution, how did Girondins and Jacobins differ?
Correct answer: A
Girondins were relatively moderate, while Jacobins were more radical republicans. Link these groups with differences within revolutionary politics.
What was the significance of the victory at Yorktown during the American Revolution?
Correct answer: A
Cornwallis's defeat at Yorktown opened the way to the war's end. Treat it as the final decisive military turning point in exams.
What was a major historical action of the National Convention in the French Revolution?
Correct answer: A
The National Convention strengthened the move from monarchy to republic. Link it with the end of kingship in exams.
What idea did the Bolshevik slogan express in the Russian Revolution?
Correct answer: A
This slogan linked people's immediate needs with a political programme. Treat it as a reason for Bolshevik popularity in exams.
In the movement for Italian unification, Garibaldi's role was associated with what?
Correct answer: A
Garibaldi played a military role in Italian unification with the Red Shirts. Remember him as a nationalist revolutionary leader.
What was one major cause of the economic crisis before the French Revolution?
Correct answer: A
Debt and unequal taxation increased discontent in France. Link economic crisis with social inequality in exams.
In the Industrial Revolution, the Spinning Jenny was associated with which industry?
Correct answer: A
The Spinning Jenny was an important machine of the Industrial Revolution used for spinning yarn from fibres. It allowed one worker to operate several spindles and produce thread much faster than traditional hand spinning. This increased the supply of yarn and supported the growth of mechanized textile production. The machine therefore belongs to the textile industry, especially the spinning part of cloth manufacture.
Choice A is correct because textiles include the stages of producing yarn and cloth, and the Spinning Jenny directly improved yarn production. It was not a machine for extracting iron ore, printing books, or constructing ships. Those activities also changed during industrialization, but they were not the specific purpose of this invention. Remembering the connection between spinning yarn and textile manufacturing makes the answer clear. The machine helped shift production from slower household work toward faster factory-based production.
Who was the major leader associated with revolutionary reforms and the founding of the Republic of Turkey?
Correct answer: A
Atatürk led the Turkish Republic and modern reforms. Link him with secular and national modernization in exams.
After the Russian Revolution of 1905, which representative body did the Tsar accept?
Correct answer: A
Under pressure in 1905, the Tsar accepted the creation of the Duma. Treat it as a limited constitutional reform in exams.
In the context of the French Revolution, what kind of system was the Directory?
Correct answer: A
The Directory was a five-member executive in France. Remember it as the unstable system before Napoleon in exams.
José de San Martín in Latin America was associated with which struggle?
Correct answer: A
San Martín gave important military leadership to South American independence. Link him with Bolívar in Latin American liberation movements.
In which year did monarchy formally end during the French Revolution?
Correct answer: C
In 1792, France ended monarchy and proclaimed a republic. In exams, separate 1789 as the beginning and 1792 as the republic year.
What was the impact of Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense in the American Revolution?
Correct answer: A
Common Sense popularized the demand for independence in simple language. Treat it as revolutionary propaganda literature in exams.
In the study of revolutions, in which revolutionary wave is the combination of nationalism and liberalism clearly visible?
Correct answer: A
The 1848 revolutions showed demands for national unity and liberal rights together. Understand it as a broad ideological wave in Europe for exams.
In the French Revolution the main difference between Girondins and Jacobins was linked with what?
Correct answer: A
Jacobins wanted more radical change while Girondins were comparatively moderate. For exams connect these groups with different political trends in the French Revolution.
What was the significance of the Treaty of Brest Litovsk in the Russian Revolution?
Correct answer: A
This treaty took Bolshevik Russia out of World War I. For exams remember it with Lenin's promise of peace.
What was the major result of Portugal's Carnation Revolution?
Correct answer: A
The Carnation Revolution ended Portugal's long dictatorship. In exams, link it with peaceful democratic transition.
The Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua was mainly against which regime?
Correct answer: A
The Sandinista Revolution challenged and removed Somoza rule in Nicaragua. Link it with Latin American revolutionary movements in exams.
The French Revolution of 1848 ended the rule of which king?
Correct answer: A
The French Revolution of 1848 ended Louis Philippe's July Monarchy. Link it with the establishment of the Second Republic in exams.
The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 was mainly an uprising against the influence of which external power?
Correct answer: A
The 1956 Hungarian uprising was against Soviet control and communist rule. Remember it as a Cold War-era revolt in exams.
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