Physical Features of India

Himadri is the highest range of the Greater Himalaya with high peaks and glaciers. For exams remember Himadri as High Himalaya.

Shiwalik is an outer Himalayan range made of relatively loose deposits. For exams link Shiwalik with unstable slopes.

Dun valleys are long valleys located between Shiwalik and Lesser Himalaya. For exams keep Dehradun as a major example.

Coarse pebbles and gravel in Bhabar allow water to sink underground. For exams remember Bhabar as a porous foothill belt.

Water near the surface in Terai creates moist and marshy conditions. For exams remember the difference between Bhabar and Terai.

Northern Plains are formed from alluvial deposits of Indus Ganga and Brahmaputra systems. For exams remember all three river systems.

Bhangar is a relatively higher part with older alluvial deposits. For exams remember Bhangar old and Khadar new.

Khadar receives fresh alluvium from river floods. For exams remember Khadar as new floodplain.

Direct answer: Option B, land between two rivers. The word Doab comes from two words meaning two and water or river, and in geography it means the tract of land lying between two rivers. The Ganga-Yamuna Doab is the fertile alluvial plain between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers. Repeated floods and river deposits help make such land productive. Option A is wrong because a Doab is not land between seas. Option B is correct because it gives the exact geographical meaning. Option C is wrong because snow between mountain peaks is not called a Doab. Option D is wrong because coral between islands is a marine feature and has no connection with the term. The word may describe the area between the rivers even when the rivers do not run perfectly parallel. Memory cue: Doab means do, or two, rivers and the land between them.

In a delta silt deposition divides the river into many distributaries. For exams link delta with deposition.

Sundarbans is a tidal delta region with marshy and saline water conditions. For exams remember Sundarbans as mangrove delta.

The Peninsular Plateau is India's old rocky stable part. For exams remember it as older than the Himalayas.

The slope of Central Highlands directs several rivers toward the Ganga Yamuna system. For exams remember Chambal Betwa Ken.

Narmada Valley between Vindhya and Satpura shows the rift valley structure of central India. For exams remember this spatial order.

Deccan Trap is a step like region formed by layers of basaltic lava. For exams link the term trap with steps.

Black soil swells with moisture and shrinks when dry. For exams link it with Deccan and cotton.

The mineral base of Chotanagpur is important for steel and heavy industries. For exams remember the mineral industry relation.

Meghalaya Plateau is considered a northeastern extension of the Peninsular Plateau but appears separated by plains. For exams remember Garo Khasi Jaintia.

Aravalli is an ancient range eroded over a long time. For exams remember Aravalli as older than Himalaya.

Arabian Sea branch strikes the Western Ghats and gives rain on the windward slope. For exams remember monsoon and Western Ghats link.

Rivers like Mahanadi Godavari Krishna and Kaveri cut across Eastern Ghats. For exams remember Eastern Ghats as fragmented.

Nilgiri is linked with the contact zone of Western and Eastern Ghats in South India. For exams remember southern hill groups.

Anamudi is linked with Western Ghats and Doddabetta with Nilgiri. For exams remember southern peaks separately.

Eastern Himalaya bends in the northeast and forms Purvanchal hills. For exams remember Patkai Naga Mizo group.

Many peninsular rivers flow east but Narmada and Tapi flow west into Arabian Sea. For exams keep them separate.