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Bharat Ratna is India’s highest civilian honour, awarded to recognise exceptional achievement or service of the highest order in any field of human endeavour. In this Class 10 General Knowledge topic from “Awards and Honours,” students learn about the award’s origin in 1954, its purpose, eligibility, selection process, and notable recipients. The topic also helps them distinguish Bharat Ratna from other national awards and understand how it reflects significant contributions to India’s public life, culture, science, art, and national development.
Practice questions
01 In which year was Chaudhary Charan Singh awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. 2024
Explanation: Chaudhary Charan Singh received the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2024. He was a former Prime Minister of India and is widely remembered as an advocate of farmers’ interests. Although Bharat Ratna awards were also announced in 2019 for other personalities, Chaudhary Charan Singh was not honoured that year. Exam tip: Remember Chaudhary Charan Singh among the Bharat Ratna awardees of 2024.
02 Which is the correct group of three persons who received the Bharat Ratna in 1954?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. C. Rajagopalachari, Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Dr. C. V. Raman
Explanation: The Bharat Ratna was instituted in 1954, and C. Rajagopalachari, Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Dr. C. V. Raman received it in that year. Option B is a close distractor because all three of its recipients were awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1955. Exam tip: Memorise the three recipients of the inaugural year, 1954, as one group.
03 Which three names correctly received the Bharat Ratna in 1955?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Bhagwan Das, M. Visvesvaraya and Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: The three Bharat Ratna awardees in 1955 were Bhagwan Das, Sir M. Visvesvaraya and Jawaharlal Nehru. Option A is incorrect because Govind Ballabh Pant received the award in 1957. Exam tip: Memorise the Bharat Ratna recipients of 1954 and 1955 as separate groups.
04 Which is the correct order of Bharat Ratna recipients for 1957 and 1958?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Govind Ballabh Pant, then Dhondo Keshav Karve
Explanation: Govind Ballabh Pant received the Bharat Ratna in 1957, followed by Dhondo Keshav Karve in 1958. Therefore, the correct sequence is Govind Ballabh Pant, then Dhondo Keshav Karve. Option A reverses these two recipients. Exam tip: Memorise consecutive award years as year–person pairs.
05 Which is the correct pair of Bharat Ratna recipients in 1961?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Dr B. C. Roy and Purushottam Das Tandon
Explanation: In 1961, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to Dr B. C. Roy and Purushottam Das Tandon, so option A is correct. A close distractor is option B: Dr Rajendra Prasad received the award in 1962, while Dr Zakir Husain received it in 1963. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna recipients together with their award years.
06 What is the correct order of the years in which Dr Rajendra Prasad and Dr Zakir Husain received the Bharat Ratna?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. 1962 and 1963
Explanation: Dr Rajendra Prasad was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1962, and Dr Zakir Husain received it in 1963. Hence, the correct order is 1962 and 1963. Option A reverses these two years. Exam tip: In award-year questions, match the years carefully with the order of names given.
07 Who was the first posthumous Bharat Ratna recipient and in which year?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. लाल बहादुर शास्त्री — 1966
Explanation: Lal Bahadur Shastri was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1966, making him the first posthumous recipient of the award. K. Kamaraj also received it posthumously, but later, in 1976. Exam tip: remember 1966 with Shastri for the first posthumous Bharat Ratna.
08 Which is the correct sequence of Bharat Ratna years for Indira Gandhi V V Giri and K Kamaraj?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. 1971, 1975, 1976
Explanation: Indira Gandhi received the Bharat Ratna in 1971, V. V. Giri in 1975, and K. Kamaraj posthumously in 1976. Hence, the correct sequence is 1971, 1975, 1976. In option B, the award years of Indira Gandhi and V. V. Giri have been interchanged. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna recipients along with their award years in chronological order.
09 Which is the correct order of recipients for 1980 1983 1987 and 1988?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Mother Teresa, Vinoba Bhave, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, M. G. Ramachandran
Explanation: The correct sequence is Mother Teresa (1980), Vinoba Bhave (1983), Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1987), and M. G. Ramachandran (1988). Therefore, option B is correct. In option A, the recipients for 1987 and 1988 have been interchanged. Exam tip: Memorise this 1980s sequence as 1980–Mother Teresa, 1983–Vinoba, 1987–Ghaffar Khan, 1988–MGR.
10 Which pair correctly received the Bharat Ratna in 1990?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Dr B. R. Ambedkar and Nelson Mandela
Explanation: Dr B. R. Ambedkar and Nelson Mandela, the South African anti-apartheid leader, were awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1990. Both people in option B received it in 1991, while the awardees in options C and D were honoured in other years. Exam tip: Associate 1990 with Ambedkar and Mandela when revising Bharat Ratna award years.
11 Which is the correct group of Bharat Ratna recipients in 1991?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Rajiv Gandhi, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Morarji Desai
Explanation: In 1991, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to Rajiv Gandhi, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Morarji Desai. All three persons in option A received the award in 1992, making it a close but incorrect distractor. Exam tip: Remember 1991 as the year associated with these three political leaders.
12 Which is the correct group of three persons honoured in 1992?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, J. R. D. Tata and Satyajit Ray
Explanation: In 1992, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (posthumously), J. R. D. Tata and Satyajit Ray. Option A is a close distractor because all three people in it received the award in 1999, not 1992. Exam tip: For award-year questions, memorise all recipients from the same year as one group.
13 Which three names received the Bharat Ratna in 1997?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Aruna Asaf Ali and Gulzarilal Nanda
Explanation: In 1997, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Aruna Asaf Ali and Gulzarilal Nanda. The three persons in option B received the award in 1998, making it a close but incorrect distractor. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna awardees in year-wise groups.
14 What is the correct identification of both Bharat Ratna recipients in 1998?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. M. S. Subbulakshmi and C. Subramaniam
Explanation: In 1998, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to M. S. Subbulakshmi, the renowned Carnatic vocalist, and C. Subramaniam, known for his contribution to agricultural policy and the Green Revolution. Both persons in option A received the award in 1999, making it a close but incorrect distractor. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna awardees as year-wise pairs.
15 Which is the correct group of four Bharat Ratna recipients in 1999?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Amartya Sen, Jayaprakash Narayan, Gopinath Bordoloi and Pandit Ravi Shankar
Explanation: In 1999, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to Amartya Sen, Jayaprakash Narayan (posthumously), Gopinath Bordoloi (posthumously), and Pandit Ravi Shankar. Therefore, option C is correct. Everyone in option A has received the Bharat Ratna, but in different years, not in 1999. Exam tip: For award-year questions, memorise the complete set of recipients for a particular year.
16 Who were the two music personalities who received the Bharat Ratna in 2001?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Lata Mangeshkar and Ustad Bismillah Khan
Explanation: In 2001, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to Lata Mangeshkar and the shehnai maestro Ustad Bismillah Khan. Pandit Bhimsen Joshi received the award later, in 2008, so option B is incorrect. Exam tip: remember the 2001 pair as Lata Mangeshkar for vocal music and Bismillah Khan for shehnai.
17 Which sequence correctly matches Bharat Ratna years 2009 2014 and 2015?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. No Bharat Ratna in 2009; Sachin Tendulkar and C. N. R. Rao in 2014; Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Madan Mohan Malaviya in 2015
Explanation: No Bharat Ratna was awarded in 2009. Bhimsen Joshi received the award in 2008, so option B incorrectly places him in 2009. In 2014, Sachin Tendulkar and scientist C. N. R. Rao received the Bharat Ratna; in 2015, it was awarded to Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Madan Mohan Malaviya. Exam tip: memorise award years as pairs, for example, 2014—Tendulkar and Rao.
18 Which is the correct group of Bharat Ratna recipients in 2019?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Pranab Mukherjee, Nanaji Deshmukh and Bhupen Hazarika
Explanation: In 2019, Pranab Mukherjee, Nanaji Deshmukh and Bhupen Hazarika were awarded the Bharat Ratna. Option A is incorrect because Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Madan Mohan Malaviya were honoured in 2015. Exam tip: Memorise the three 2019 awardees as one group.
19 Which is the complete correct group of Bharat Ratna recipients announced in 2024?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Karpoori Thakur, L. K. Advani, P. V. Narasimha Rao, Chaudhary Charan Singh and M. S. Swaminathan
Explanation: Five Bharat Ratna awardees were announced in 2024: Karpoori Thakur, L. K. Advani, P. V. Narasimha Rao, Chaudhary Charan Singh and M. S. Swaminathan. Hence, option A is the complete correct group. Option B combines awardees from different years, so it is not the 2024 list. Exam tip: Remember 2024 as the year in which five Bharat Ratna recipients were announced.
20 Which pair is incorrectly matched with the year?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Lata Mangeshkar — 1999
Explanation: Lata Mangeshkar was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2001, so the pair with 1999 is incorrect. C. V. Raman received it in 1954, Dhondo Keshav Karve in 1958, and Mother Teresa in 1980. Exam tip: Remember that Pandit Ravi Shankar was a Bharat Ratna awardee in 1999, whereas Lata Mangeshkar received it in 2001.
21 Who was the first person to receive the Bharat Ratna posthumously?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Lal Bahadur Shastri
Explanation: Lal Bahadur Shastri received the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1966, the first such case. Nehru received it while alive in 1955. Exam tip: remember Shastri with the first posthumous award.
22 In which year did the Bharat Ratna recipients include both an economist and a sitar player?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. 1999
Explanation: In 1999, the Bharat Ratna was awarded to economist Amartya Sen and renowned sitar player Pandit Ravi Shankar. Therefore, 1999 is the correct answer. In 1997, the award went to A. P. J. Abdul Kalam and Gulzarilal Nanda, so that option is incorrect. Exam tip: Remember Bharat Ratna years along with the recipients' fields.
23 In which year did Bharat Ratna recipients include both a film director and an industrialist?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. 1992
Explanation: In 1992, both acclaimed film director Satyajit Ray and noted industrialist J. R. D. Tata received the Bharat Ratna. Therefore, 1992 is the correct answer. In 1991, the award went to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Rajiv Gandhi and Morarji Desai, so that option is not correct. Exam tip: Remember Bharat Ratna years by linking them with notable recipients.
24 What is the correct order of the first non Indian citizen and the second foreign citizen to receive the Bharat Ratna?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, then Nelson Mandela
Explanation: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan received the Bharat Ratna in 1987 and was the first non-Indian citizen to receive it. Nelson Mandela received it in 1990 and was the second foreign citizen recipient. Mother Teresa and J. R. D. Tata were Indian citizens, so they do not fit this order. Exam tip: remember the sequence: Ghaffar Khan (1987), then Mandela (1990).
25 Who was the first woman to receive the Bharat Ratna and in which year?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Indira Gandhi — 1971
Explanation: Indira Gandhi received the Bharat Ratna in 1971 and was the first woman to receive this honour. Mother Teresa received it later, in 1980, so she was not the first woman recipient. Exam tip: Memorise the pair: first woman Bharat Ratna awardee—Indira Gandhi, 1971.
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