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SubjectsGeneral Knowledge
भारत रत्न
Bharat Ratna is India’s highest civilian honour, awarded to recognise exceptional achievement or service of the highest order in any field of human endeavour. In this Class 10 General Knowledge topic from “Awards and Honours,” students learn about the award’s origin in 1954, its purpose, eligibility, selection process, and notable recipients. The topic also helps them distinguish Bharat Ratna from other national awards and understand how it reflects significant contributions to India’s public life, culture, science, art, and national development.
Correct answer: B. 1991
Explanation: Morarji Desai was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1991. Although 1990 and 1992 are nearby years, Desai is listed among the Bharat Ratna awardees for 1991. Exam tip: Memorise major awardees together with their award years as pairs.
Correct answer: B. 1992
Explanation: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1992. He was a prominent freedom fighter and independent India’s first Education Minister. The year 1990 is not associated with his Bharat Ratna award; 1992 recognises his national contribution. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna years along with the recipient’s major role.
Correct answer: B. 1992
Explanation: J. R. D. Tata was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1992. Do not confuse this with C. Subramaniam, who received the award in 1998; Satyajit Ray was also a Bharat Ratna awardee in 1992. Exam tip: remember the pair J. R. D. Tata—Bharat Ratna—1992.
Correct answer: B. 1992
Explanation: Satyajit Ray was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1992. He was a legendary Indian filmmaker whose work brought international recognition to Indian cinema. 1991 is not correct because Ray did not receive the award in that year. Exam tip: Remember Satyajit Ray with Bharat Ratna 1992 and Indian cinema.
Correct answer: B. 1997
Explanation: Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1997 for his significant contributions to science and technology, especially India’s missile and space programmes. 1998 is associated with the Pokhran-II nuclear tests, not with his Bharat Ratna award. Exam tip: Distinguish 1997, the year of his Bharat Ratna, from 2002, when he became President of India.
Correct answer: B. 1997
Explanation: Aruna Asaf Ali was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1997. She is especially remembered for hoisting the tricolour at Gowalia Tank Maidan during the Quit India Movement of 1942. Although 1998 and 1999 are associated with other Bharat Ratna awardees, 1997 is the correct year for her. Exam tip: Learn major freedom fighters along with the year of their Bharat Ratna award.
Correct answer: B. 1997
Explanation: Gulzarilal Nanda was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1997. He served twice as the acting Prime Minister of India and is also remembered for his contributions to labour and planning. 1998 is incorrect because that year’s awardees included M. S. Subbulakshmi, C. Subramaniam, and Jayaprakash Narayan. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna years along with the associated notable personalities.
Correct answer: B. 1998
Explanation: M. S. Subbulakshmi was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1998. She was a renowned Carnatic vocalist and the first musician to receive this honour. Option 1999 is incorrect; that year, the award went to personalities including Amartya Sen and Pandit Ravi Shankar. Exam tip: remember the pair Subbulakshmi—1998.
Correct answer: B. 1998
Explanation: C. Subramaniam was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1998. As Agriculture Minister, his policy leadership played an important role in advancing India’s Green Revolution. 1997 is a close but incorrect option because A. P. J. Abdul Kalam received the award that year. Exam tip: remember C. Subramaniam—Green Revolution—Bharat Ratna 1998 together.
Correct answer: C. 1999
Explanation: Amartya Sen was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1999 for his notable contributions to economics and welfare economics. The year 1998 is associated with his Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, not the Bharat Ratna. Exam tip: remember the sequence—1998 Nobel Prize, 1999 Bharat Ratna.
Correct answer: C. 1999
Explanation: Jayaprakash Narayan was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1999. He is especially remembered for his role in the freedom movement and the Total Revolution movement. 1998 is incorrect because the Bharat Ratna that year was awarded to C. Subramaniam. Exam tip: remember the link—Jayaprakash Narayan, Total Revolution, Bharat Ratna 1999.
Correct answer: C. 1999
Explanation: Pandit Ravi Shankar was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1999. He is renowned for popularising Indian classical music and the sitar across the world. Although 1998 is a nearby year, it was not the year of his Bharat Ratna award. Exam tip: Memorise major Bharat Ratna awardees from music along with their award years.
Correct answer: C. 1999
Explanation: Gopinath Bordoloi was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1999. He was the first Chief Minister of Assam and played an important role in keeping Assam within India after Independence. The year 1998 is not correct for this award. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna recipients together with their award years.
Correct answer: B. 2001
Explanation: Lata Mangeshkar was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2001 for her exceptional contribution to Indian music and playback singing. The year 1999 is a close distractor because Amartya Sen received the award that year. Exam tip: Memorise Bharat Ratna recipients along with their award years.
Correct answer: B. 2001
Explanation: Ustad Bismillah Khan was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2001. He was a legendary shehnai maestro who gave the instrument a prominent place in Indian classical music. Although some notable recipients received the award in 1999, Bismillah Khan's Bharat Ratna was awarded in 2001. Exam tip: associate Bismillah Khan with the shehnai and the year 2001.
Correct answer: A. 2008
Explanation: Pandit Bhimsen Joshi was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2008 for his outstanding contribution to Hindustani classical music. 2009 was not the year of his Bharat Ratna award. For exams, associate him with the Kirana gharana and classical vocal music.
Correct answer: B. 2014
Explanation: C. N. R. Rao received the Bharat Ratna in 2014 for his contributions to science and engineering. Sachin Tendulkar was also awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2014. Exam tip: Associate C. N. R. Rao with chemistry and solid-state science.
Correct answer: B. 2015
Explanation: Atal Bihari Vajpayee was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2015. Although the award was announced in December 2014, it was conferred in 2015; therefore, 2014 is not the correct answer here. Exam tip: distinguish between the year of announcement and the year an honour was conferred.
Correct answer: B. 2015
Explanation: Madan Mohan Malaviya was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2015. He was an educationist, a leader associated with the freedom movement, and the founder of Banaras Hindu University. Although the award was announced for him and Atal Bihari Vajpayee in 2014, the investiture took place in 2015. Exam tip: distinguish carefully between the year of announcement and the year the award was conferred.
Correct answer: C. 2019
Explanation: Pranab Mukherjee was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2019. He was a former President of India and a long-serving Union Minister. Although 2015 and 2017 are years associated with other awards, the correct year for Pranab Mukherjee is 2019. For exams, remember Bharat Ratna awardees along with their award years.
Correct answer: C. 2019
Explanation: Nanaji Deshmukh was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2019. He is especially known for social service, rural development, and constructive work in the Chitrakoot region. 2017 is incorrect because he was not awarded the Bharat Ratna that year. Exam tip: Remember Nanaji Deshmukh among the Bharat Ratna awardees of 2019.
Correct answer: C. 2019
Explanation: Bhupen Hazarika was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2019. He was a renowned singer, composer, lyricist and filmmaker from Assam. Nanaji Deshmukh and Pranab Mukherjee were also Bharat Ratna awardees in 2019, but Hazarika received it posthumously. Exam tip: Remember Bharat Ratna award years along with the recipients.
Correct answer: A. Agricultural science
Explanation: M. S. Swaminathan was an agricultural scientist and is widely associated with India’s Green Revolution. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2024. Space science is associated with figures such as Vikram Sarabhai, not Swaminathan. Exam tip: remember Swaminathan with the Green Revolution, high-yielding crop varieties, and agricultural science.
Correct answer: C. 2024
Explanation: Karpoori Thakur was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2024. The honour recognised his contribution to social justice and his public image as the ‘Jan Nayak’ of Bihar. 2025 is incorrect because the award was announced and conferred in 2024. Exam tip: Learn the Bharat Ratna awardees of 2024 along with their key contributions.
Correct answer: C. 2024
Explanation: P. V. Narasimha Rao was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2024. He was a former Prime Minister of India and played a major role in the economic reforms of 1991. The Bharat Ratna awards of 2019 did not include Rao. Exam tip: Remember P. V. Narasimha Rao among the Bharat Ratna awardees of 2024.
