resource interdependence

Resources depend on one another in many uses. Exam tip: see resources as connected not isolated.

Crops need both fertile soil and water. Exam tip: treat agriculture as a good example of resource interdependence.

Forest roots reduce soil erosion. Exam tip: remember the link between forests and soil conservation.

Hydroelectricity uses the energy of flowing water. Exam tip: identify water as an energy resource too.

Many industries use minerals as raw materials. Exam tip: link minerals with industrial development.

Human knowledge turns resources into useful things. Exam tip: treat human resources as an active factor of development.

The direct answer is A. Roads are transport infrastructure, while minerals are natural resources, and they depend on each other in economic activity. Step by step: minerals are extracted from mines; trucks, railways, or other roads move them from mining areas; factories process them into useful products; markets receive and sell those products. Therefore good roads reduce transport time and cost and connect mineral-producing areas with factories and markets. Option A is correct because it describes this real link. Option B is wrong because roads cannot create minerals; minerals form through natural geological processes over very long periods. Option C is wrong because minerals do not grow like crops on roads; they are extracted from deposits in the earth. Option D is wrong because roads serve many purposes, including transport of people, minerals, farm goods, and industrial products, not farming alone. Remember the chain: mine to road, road to factory, factory to market.

Water shortage affects irrigation and production. Exam tip: write water as a key supporting resource in farming.

Direct answer: Option A, pasture and fodder. Animal husbandry means keeping and caring for animals such as cows, buffaloes, sheep or goats. Animals need food, and pasture and fodder provide that food directly. The reasoning chain is: animals eat fodder or graze on pasture; healthy animals grow, reproduce and give milk, meat, wool or other products; therefore animal husbandry depends directly on these biological resources. Option B, iron and steel, may be used for tools or buildings but does not feed animals. Option C, petrol and diesel, may help transport feed or run machines, but they are not the direct basic resource for animal nutrition. Option D, computer chips, can support modern management but are not necessary for animals to live. Thus A is the most direct and essential answer. Memory cue: livestock needs land and food first—pasture and fodder.

Direct answer: Option A, agricultural production. Soil fertility means the soil's ability to supply plants with nutrients, water and suitable conditions for growth. The reasoning is: lower fertility means fewer nutrients or poorer soil conditions; crops then grow less strongly; yields may fall; food production and food security can be affected. Option A is therefore directly connected to soil use. Option B, ocean tides, are mainly controlled by the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun, not by farm soil fertility. Option C, sunlight, is an important natural factor for plants, but decreasing soil fertility does not determine whether sunlight exists. Option D, mountain height, is a physical landform feature and does not become lower merely because soil loses nutrients. The question asks what resource use is affected, not what causes fertility loss. Memory cue: fertile soil supports crops; poor soil can reduce harvests.

Solar energy directly comes from sunlight. Exam tip: remember it as an example of renewable energy.

Wood and bamboo are useful raw materials for paper. Exam tip: identify the link between industry and biological resources.

Urban population and services increase demand for many resources. Exam tip: connect urbanisation with resource pressure.

Farming requires the combined use of several resources, such as soil, water, seeds and human labour. Therefore, option A shows resource interdependence most clearly. Soil, water or labour alone cannot complete the process of farming. Exam tip: choose the option in which several resources work together to produce something.

Most industrial production is difficult without energy. Exam tip: treat energy as a basic need of development.

Fishing depends on water and biological resources like fish. Exam tip: link water resources with livelihood.

Seeds need soil for germination and growth. Exam tip: write the role of many resources in production.

Tourism resources become more useful when access is easy. Exam tip: remember the role of access in resource use.

Forests can affect local environment and water cycle. Exam tip: do not see forests only as wood.

Iron ore and energy sources are important in the steel industry. Exam tip: understand combined use of minerals.

Crops fulfill a major food need of humans. Exam tip: link biological resources with subsistence.

The direct answer is A: understanding how the use of one resource affects another. Resource planning means identifying resources, deciding how to use them wisely, and protecting them for the future. Resources are connected: land supports farming, water supports crops, energy helps pumps and machines, and forests protect soil and water. Therefore, a decision about one resource can create benefits or harm elsewhere. A is correct because it describes this connection and supports balanced, sustainable development. B is wrong because planning aims to prevent careless exhaustion, not encourage it. C is wrong because looking at only one resource ignores its effects on other resources. D is wrong because planning does not mean stopping development; it means making development careful and lasting. Exam cue: remember “connected resources need connected planning.”

A dam stores river water in a reservoir. When water is released from a height, it turns turbines to generate hydroelectricity. Thus, controlled use of water is linked with energy production. Option D may seem close, but a dam does not make a river disappear; it regulates its flow. Exam tip: remember the multipurpose roles of dams, such as water storage, irrigation and hydropower.

Direct answer: Option A, soil erosion sends silt into rivers. Land and water are interdependent: a change in one resource can affect the other. Build the fact chain step by step. First, running water, wind or other forces remove the topsoil from land. Second, the loose soil is carried into streams and rivers. Third, the deposited material becomes silt, making water bodies shallower and sometimes affecting water flow and storage. Thus land loses fertile soil and water resources receive excess sediment; both are affected. Option A is correct. Option B, sunrise, is a natural daily event and does not itself describe damage to land and water resources. Option C, nightfall, likewise does not show this resource link. Option D, the moon appearing, is also unrelated to soil loss or river sediment in the stated situation. Memory cue: erosion removes land and fills water with silt—one process, two resource effects.

Cotton industry uses farm raw material and industrial energy. Exam tip: see the link between agriculture and industry.