Contrast

Correct answer: B, strong contrast. Purple and yellow are complementary colours in the traditional colour wheel: they are placed opposite one another. When opposite colours are placed together, their differences become more noticeable, so each colour appears to stand out strongly. A is wrong because complete sameness would require very similar colours, not opposite ones. C is wrong because texture describes the visual or tactile surface quality of an object; simply placing purple and yellow together does not create texture. D is wrong because calm unity is more closely associated with harmonious or neighbouring colours, although any design may create more than one effect depending on context. The direct clue is the complementary relationship between purple and yellow. Memory cue: opposite colours placed together create contrast.

Correct answer: C, because difference remains low. Variety means the presence of differences among visual elements, such as changes in colour, size, shape, direction, texture, or placement. When one colour and one shape are repeated too much without meaningful change, the viewer sees very little contrast or variation. The composition may feel monotonous, so its variety decreases. A is incorrect because repeating a colour and shape does not necessarily make a line thicker. B is incorrect because repetition does not automatically increase the physical or visual space in the picture. D is incorrect because the paper does not become smaller simply because the same elements are used repeatedly. Variety is not the same as disorder; an artist can include controlled differences while keeping the picture organised. Memory cue: variety needs some difference, while excessive sameness reduces it. Contrast and change should be used thoughtfully to make a composition more interesting.

Correct answer: D, high contrast. Contrast means a noticeable difference between visual qualities. When a very light value is placed beside a very dark value, the difference is large, so the result is called high contrast. Such an arrangement can make edges, focal areas, and forms appear more distinct. A, low contrast, describes values that are close together, such as light grey beside medium grey. B, analogous colours, refers to colours that are near one another on the colour wheel, not to light-dark difference. C, soft texture concerns the appearance or feel of a surface. Contrast can involve colour, size, shape, or texture, but this question specifically identifies value contrast. Memory cue: far apart values create high contrast; close values create low contrast.