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A student places surfaces of different colours in sunlight and measures their temperature. What is surface colour?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Independent variable

In an investigation, the independent variable is the feature deliberately changed by the investigator. The dependent variable is the response measured afterward. Controlled variables are kept the same so that the comparison is fair. Separating these roles helps identify what was changed and what effect was observed.

Here, surfaces of different colours are placed in sunlight, so surface colour is deliberately changed. It is therefore the independent variable, making option A correct. The temperature is measured as the response, so it is the dependent variable. Factors such as the material, size, thickness, time in sunlight, and light conditions should be kept as similar as possible. Colour is not a constant because it is the feature being varied.

Related tags

Surface-ColourIndependent-VariableTemperatureVariables In An ExperimentExploration: Entering The World Of Secondary ScienceExploration Entering The World Of Secondary ScienceScienceClass 9 Mcq

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