Which statement is an observation rather than an inference?

Correct answer: Five leaves of the plant are yellow

An observation is information obtained directly through the senses or through a measuring instrument. It should describe what is actually seen, counted, heard, or measured, without adding an explanation about its cause. An inference is a conclusion drawn from observations, so it may be reasonable but is not directly observed in the same way.

The statement that five leaves are yellow reports a visible and countable feature. It does not claim why the leaves changed colour. Statements about nutrient deficiency, poor care, or future drying add an assumed cause or prediction, so they are inferences. Therefore option B is correct. Keeping observations separate from inferences helps scientists record evidence clearly before explaining it.