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A student places the treatment group near a window and the control group in a dark part of the room. What is the main error in testing fertiliser effect?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Light condition also changed

The direct answer is A, the light condition also changed. In a fair fertiliser experiment, fertiliser should be the only important difference between treatment and control groups. Light affects photosynthesis and plant growth, so placing one group near a window and the other in darkness introduces a second cause. Step by step: the treatment is fertiliser; the measured result may be plant growth; both groups must receive comparable water, soil, temperature, pot size and light; here light differs; if the groups grow differently, we cannot know whether fertiliser or light caused it. A is correct. B is wrong because fertiliser is the independent variable being tested, not a controlled variable. C is wrong because height is usually a measured result or starting condition, not the deliberately changed factor here. D is wrong because a dark control group is not automatically more reliable; unequal light makes comparison unfair. Memory cue: one experiment should change one main variable at a time.

Related tags

Confounding-VariableLightFertiliserControl-GroupHypothesis And ExperimentationExploration: Entering The World Of Secondary ScienceExploration Entering The World Of Secondary ScienceScience

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