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In which situation will the validity of an experiment be affected most?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Another factor changes along with the factor being tested

An experiment is valid when its design allows a fair conclusion about the factor being tested. This requires changing the independent variable while keeping other important factors constant. If two factors change at the same time, a result may be caused by either one, or by both together. The experiment then cannot show clearly which factor produced the observed effect.

Therefore option A creates the greatest problem for validity. For example, if a study tests fertiliser but also changes the amount of water, any growth difference cannot be attributed confidently to fertiliser alone. Using the same unit, repeating trials, and recording all results generally improve the quality of an investigation. They do not create the confounding problem described in option A.

Related tags

ValidityConfounding-VariableFair-TestHypothesis And ExperimentationExploration: Entering The World Of Secondary ScienceExploration Entering The World Of Secondary ScienceScienceClass 9 Mcq

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