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What is the fifth term of the geometric progression \(5,-15,45,-135,\ldots\)?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 405

The defining concept is a geometric progression with a possibly negative common ratio. Dividing consecutive terms gives \(r=-15/5=-3\); this is confirmed because \(45/(-15)=-3\) and \((-135)/45=-3\). To obtain the fifth term, multiply the fourth term by the ratio: \(a_5=(-135)(-3)=405\). Using the formula gives the same result: \(a_5=5(-3)^4=5\times81=405\). The two negative factors produce a positive fifth term, which is why option A is correct. Option B ignores the sign change at the last multiplication, while C and D arise from using an incorrect magnitude or exponent.

Related tags

SequencesGeometric-ProgressionNegative-RatioSignsGeometric ProgressionSequences And ProgressionsMathematicsClass 9 Mcq

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