Why is it incomplete to call the colonial impact only economic?

Correct answer: Because it also involved resource control, route restrictions, surveillance and social stigma

The direct answer is A: colonial impact included resource control, route restrictions, surveillance and social stigma, not only economic loss. Colonial rule affected several connected parts of pastoral life. Forest and pasture regulations reduced access to resources. Permits and reserved areas restricted routes and seasonal movement. Officials watched, registered and sometimes suspected mobile groups. Labels such as criminal or unreliable created social stigma. These changes could reduce income, but they also changed where people could move, how authorities treated them and how communities were viewed. Option A is correct because it gives economic, administrative, spatial and social dimensions together. Option B is wrong because colonial systems did impose taxes and fees in many contexts. Option C is wrong because pastoralists clearly faced social restrictions and stigma. Option D is wrong because forest laws were an important part of colonial control. Memory cue: colonial impact means money plus movement, resources, administration and social identity.