Which class most strongly spoke against the birth-based order in French society?

The middle class

The governing concept is the criticism of hereditary privilege during the French Revolution. The middle class included educated professionals, merchants and other prosperous groups who were influenced by Enlightenment ideas such as liberty, equality and government based on merit. Although many members of this class had wealth, they did not enjoy the political and social privileges automatically given to the clergy and nobility by birth. They therefore challenged the old order and demanded equality before law and taxation based more fairly on ability to pay. Option A is correct. The First Estate and Second Estate represented privileged groups, while the royal family defended the monarchy and inherited authority. These alternatives therefore do not fit the class that most strongly attacked birth-based privilege.

This is a Class 9 History question. Chapter: The French Revolution. Topic: French Society During the Late Eighteenth Century.