What evidence proves wrong the idea that pastoralists wandered without planning?

Correct answer: Their fixed seasonal routes, knowledge of water sources and relations with peasants

Direct answer: Option A, their fixed seasonal routes, knowledge of water sources and relations with peasants. Pastoralists did not wander aimlessly. Their movement was a planned response to changing seasons and available resources. First, they knew when grass and water would become scarce in one place. Next, they used an established route to reach another grazing area. They also remembered water sources and maintained arrangements or friendly relations with settled farmers, sometimes exchanging animal products or labour. This evidence shows experience, planning and cooperation. Option A is correct because it contains all three kinds of evidence. Option B is wrong because sea trade is not evidence about the usual movement of land pastoralists. Option C is wrong because urban jobs would indicate settled employment, not pastoral planning. Option D is wrong because pastoralists depended on animal rearing; refusing it contradicts the definition of their livelihood. The logic is: seasonal change + resource knowledge + social links = organised movement. Memory cue: planned routes prove that pastoral mobility is not aimless wandering.