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How did shrinking Maasai grazing land strengthen political control?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Dependence on limited land increased and administrative rules became effective

When grazing land shrinks, pastoralists must depend more heavily on the remaining areas. Access to those areas can then be controlled through permits, boundaries, taxes, records, or other administrative rules. Families that cannot meet these requirements may lose mobility or face penalties. This makes the state more present in everyday livelihood decisions and increases the influence of officials over land and movement. Scarcity therefore strengthens political control over people.

Option A is correct because it connects limited land with greater dependence and effective administration. Options B, C, and D reverse or deny the historical relationship: shrinking land did not increase Maasai control over colonial rule, remove all borders, or make cattle unnecessary. The key link is that control of scarce resources can become a means of controlling communities.

Related tags

Grazing LandPolitical ControlMaasai

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