How did colonial policies affect relations between pastoralists and peasants?

Correct answer: Tension could increase as pastures shrank and land went into cultivation

Colonial policies often changed how land and forests could be used. When grazing areas were reserved, enclosed, taxed, or converted into cultivated fields, pastoralists lost easy access to common resources. Farmers might also need more land for cultivation, while pastoralists needed routes and fields for seasonal grazing. Competition for the smaller remaining space could produce disagreements and tension, although relations did not necessarily end everywhere.

Option A is appropriately careful because it says tension could increase, not that conflict was unavoidable in every place. Option B is too absolute, and the claims about sea trading or animals becoming unnecessary are unrelated. Pastoralists and peasants could depend on one another, but changing land use made cooperation more difficult in some situations. Therefore option A best explains the likely effect of colonial policies.