How could colonial policies increase tension between pastoralists and peasants?

Correct answer: Pressure on land increased as pastures were converted to cultivation

The direct answer is A: pressure on land increased when pastures were converted to cultivation. Pastoralists and peasants both needed land, but for different purposes. Pastoralists needed open areas for grazing and movement, while peasants needed fields for crops. Step by step: colonial policies encouraged cultivation and reduced common grazing land; fewer pastures remained; pastoralists had fewer places for animals; peasants and pastoralists then competed for the same limited land and access routes; tension could grow. Option A is correct because it connects land-use change with competition and social conflict. Option B is wrong because equal expansion of pastures would reduce pressure, not increase it. Option C is too absolute and is not the main reason; peasants did use animal manure in agriculture. Option D is wrong because colonial forest controls did exist. Memory cue: when grazing land becomes farmland, competition and tension rise.