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What is the basic meaning of a republic?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The head of state is elected instead of hereditary king

A republic is a form of government in which the head of state is not appointed simply because of birth in a royal family. The position is normally obtained through an electoral or representative process, according to the constitution and laws of that country. The central idea is that public authority belongs to the nation or its citizens rather than being inherited automatically by a monarch.

Option A expresses this basic contrast with hereditary monarchy and is therefore correct. A king treated as God’s representative describes a religious justification of monarchy, not a republic. Rule by nobles is an aristocratic arrangement, and a Church deciding taxes does not define a form of government called a republic. In the French Revolution, replacing monarchy with a republic meant rejecting hereditary royal rule and establishing a different political principle.

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French RevolutionRepublicMeaning

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