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Why is rainfall high on the west coast and lower behind the Eastern Ghats during the monsoon?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The Arabian Sea branch first strikes the Western Ghats and gives heavy rain

During the southwest monsoon, the Arabian Sea branch carries abundant moisture toward India. The Western Ghats stand close to the west coast and form a high barrier. When the winds strike their windward slopes, they are forced upward; cooling at higher levels causes condensation and heavy orographic rainfall on the coast and mountain slopes. Behind the Ghats, the air has lost much of its moisture, so rainfall is generally lower.

Option A is correct because it identifies both the source of the moist winds and the first mountain barrier they meet. Option B is false because the Eastern Ghats are not higher than the Himalayas. Option C reverses the geographical fact: the west coast is close to the Arabian Sea, not far from it. Option D is also false because the Arabian Sea branch is moisture-bearing, not dry. Thus the contrast is explained by relief and windward-leeward conditions.

Related tags

ClimateIndian MonsoonWest Coast

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