Why is latitude a control affecting climate?

Correct answer: Because it affects the angle of sun rays and heat

Direct answer: Option B is correct. Latitude is the angular distance north or south of the Equator. Because Earth is curved, sunlight does not strike every latitude at the same angle. Near the Equator, rays are more direct and concentrated over a smaller area, so heating is generally greater. Toward the poles, rays are more slanting, spread over a larger area and pass through more atmosphere, so heating is generally weaker. Thus latitude helps explain regional temperature and climate differences. Option A is wrong because latitude does not decide the depth of the sea. Option B is correct because it connects latitude with the angle and heating effect of solar rays. Option C is wrong because river length depends on drainage, relief and other geographical conditions, not directly on latitude. Option D is wrong because latitude does not determine soil colour; soil colour depends on minerals, organic matter, moisture and weathering. Memory cue: latitude means distance from the Equator, and distance changes the sun’s angle and heat.