Why is flood risk management necessary with settlement in river valleys?

Correct answer: Because river valleys provide resources but are vulnerable to floods

River valleys often attract settlements because they provide water, fertile soil, transport routes, and other useful resources. These advantages support farming, homes, and economic activities. However, rivers may overflow during heavy rain, rapid snowmelt, or poor drainage. Therefore, living in a river valley brings both opportunity and danger. Flood risk management means preparing for floods and reducing their harmful effects through warnings, safe construction, drainage, embankments, evacuation plans, and careful land-use planning.

Option A is correct because it includes both important facts: river valleys provide resources, but they are also vulnerable to flooding. Option B is false because river valleys commonly provide water. Option C is false because floods are possible, and option D is false because settlements are strongly connected with rivers. Managing risk does not mean avoiding all river valleys; it means using them safely while protecting people, homes, crops, and infrastructure.