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Why does the windward slope receive more rainfall?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Moist air rises after hitting the mountain

Direct answer: Option A is correct. A windward slope faces the incoming moist wind. When this air strikes a mountain, the mountain forces it to rise. As air rises, air pressure decreases and the air expands and cools. Cooler air cannot hold as much water vapour, so condensation forms clouds and rainfall may occur on the windward side. Option A gives this complete cause-and-effect chain. Option B is wrong because the presence or absence of a sea at the slope itself does not explain the rainfall; moisture may come from the sea, but uplift by the mountain is essential here. Option C is wrong because temperature is not always zero on a mountain slope, and zero temperature is not required for rainfall. Option D is wrong because air pressure exists everywhere in the atmosphere; changes in pressure help air move but do not mean that pressure is absent. Remember: moist air plus mountain uplift produces orographic rainfall on the windward side.

Related tags

Windward SlopeOrographic RainfallMountains

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