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Why does the Arabian Sea branch give intense rainfall over the Western Ghats?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Moist winds strike the windward slope and rise

The Arabian Sea branch of the monsoon brings moist air from over the sea. The Western Ghats intercept this air, especially on their windward western slopes. Because the mountain surface forces the air to rise, the air expands and cools. Cooling reduces the amount of water vapour the air can hold, so vapour condenses into clouds and rain. This is orographic rainfall. The western slopes therefore receive intense rain, while the descending air on the eastern side is drier and gives less rain.

Option A states the complete physical sequence: moist winds meet the windward slope, rise, cool, and produce rain. Option B is the opposite of the truth, since the winds carry considerable moisture. Option C is geographically false, and option D is false because this branch does enter India and affects the west coast. Thus the correct answer is based on uplift and cooling, not on dryness or absence of the monsoon.

Related tags

ClimateArabian-Sea-BranchWestern-Ghats

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