Why can population remain limited in a desert area even after roads and mining increase?

Correct answer: Because water scarcity and harsh climate can limit permanent settlement

The direct answer is B: water scarcity and harsh climate can limit permanent settlement. Population does not depend only on roads or jobs. People also need dependable drinking water, food production, comfortable living conditions, health services and safety. A desert may gain roads and mining jobs, but if water is very scarce, temperatures are extreme, and farming and daily life are difficult, many workers may stay only temporarily rather than bringing their families and forming permanent settlements. Option A is wrong because census work can be carried out in desert areas; the presence or absence of a census does not itself decide where people can live. Option B is correct because limited water and difficult climate are strong physical barriers, even when economic opportunities exist. Option C is wrong because mining does not always end population; it may attract workers and increase population for some time. Option D is wrong because roads usually improve access and may encourage settlement; they do not always stop it. The key reasoning is: opportunity attracts people, but basic living conditions determine whether settlement can remain permanent. Memory cue: jobs may attract people, but water keeps settlements alive.