Which are the reducing processes in population change?

Deaths and out migration

Population change has adding processes and reducing processes. Births add new members to a population, and in-migration adds people who arrive from another place. Deaths remove members, while out-migration removes people who leave the area. A simple way to think about net change is additions minus reductions, although actual demographic analysis can use detailed rates and time periods.

Option B is correct because deaths and out-migration both reduce the number of people living in the area. Option A contains two adding processes, not reducing ones. Births are not a reduction, and health or education are conditions or services rather than direct subtracting processes in the population count. In-migration also adds people. Identifying whether people enter or leave is the key to selecting the answer.

This is a Class 9 Geography question. Chapter: Population. Topic: Processes of Population Change.