Lack of public spaces in a high density area shows deficiency in which planning?

Correct answer: People-centred urban planning

Direct answer: Option A is correct. In a densely populated area, many people share limited land, so planners must deliberately reserve and maintain parks, playgrounds, walking areas, community spaces and other safe public places. Such spaces support exercise, recreation, social interaction, mental well-being and relief from overcrowded surroundings. Their absence suggests that planning has focused only on buildings or roads and has not sufficiently considered residents’ quality of life. Option B concerns an unrelated marine subject. Option C concerns measuring or planning mountain elevation, not urban public amenities. Option D concerns the study of space and celestial objects and has no direct connection with local public spaces. Human-centred planning considers the daily needs, safety, health and dignity of residents. Memory cue: a city is for people, not only for structures; dense areas need shared open space.