In which situation can the source region's total population decline while dependency pressure also rises?

Correct answer: When working-age people move out and elderly people and children remain in a higher proportion

Direct answer: Option B is correct. The source region is the place from which people leave. If many working-age adults migrate out, the total number of residents may fall. At the same time, children and older people may form a larger share of those who remain. These groups are generally considered dependants because they are less likely to be in the main working-age population. The dependency pressure on the remaining workers can therefore rise, even if the total population becomes smaller. Option A would usually add people and may increase the younger population, but it does not describe the stated source-region decline as clearly. Option C does not involve the selective departure of workers. Option D represents positive net migration, which generally increases population rather than reducing it. Memory cue: when workers leave but dependants remain, fewer workers support a larger relative dependant share.