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In which situation can natural increase be positive but total change negative?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Births exceed deaths but out-migration is very high

Answer: D. Natural increase means births minus deaths. It is positive when births are greater than deaths. Total population change, however, depends on both natural increase and migration: total change = births − deaths + in-migration − out-migration. In option D, births exceed deaths, so natural increase is positive. But if many more people leave than enter, net migration is strongly negative. That negative migration can be larger than the positive natural increase, making the total population decline. Option A gives a negative natural increase because births are fewer than deaths, so it does not satisfy the question. Option B makes both natural increase and migration zero, so total change is zero. Option C also gives a negative natural increase and no in-migration. Memory cue: positive births-minus-deaths can still be outweighed by a large number leaving; always add net migration before deciding total change.

Related tags

Positive Natural IncreaseNet MigrationOut-MigrationPopulation ChangeProcesses Of Population ChangePopulationGeographyClass 9 Mcq

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