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In which condition can migration change population structure even if the total number does not change?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: In-migration and out-migration are equal in number but involve different groups

The direct answer is A. Total population is affected by net migration, which is in-migration minus out-migration. If the same number of people enters and leaves, net migration is zero, so the total population may remain unchanged. However, the two groups may not be alike. For example, young workers may enter while older workers or families leave. Then the age, sex, occupational, educational, or household composition of the remaining population can change even though the headcount is the same. Option B is wrong because without migration there is no migration-driven structural change. Option C is insufficient: zero births and deaths do not explain a change caused by migration. Option D concerns area, not the composition of people. Memory cue: zero net migration does not mean zero movement; always distinguish total movement from the balance between arrivals and departures.

Related tags

Net MigrationGross MigrationPopulation StructureProcesses Of Population ChangePopulationGeographyClass 9 Mcq

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