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In which situation must population change be analysed most carefully for policy?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: When natural increase and net migration work in opposite directions

Direct answer: A is correct. Natural increase is the balance between births and deaths, while net migration is the balance between in-migration and out-migration. If natural increase is positive but net migration is negative, or if natural increase is negative while net migration is positive, the two components push the total population in opposite directions. The final result then depends on which effect is larger. A policy based only on one component could therefore be misleading. Option A is correct because opposing components require careful measurement and comparison before planning housing, schools, jobs, healthcare, or other services. Option B is less difficult to interpret because components moving in the same direction and clear data usually make the overall trend easier to identify. Option C removes important processes rather than creating a complex balance. Option D removes migration as a component, so it does not represent the stated analytical difficulty. Memory cue: when demographic forces pull in opposite directions, calculate the net result before making policy.

Related tags

Opposing ComponentsNatural IncreaseNet MigrationProcesses Of Population ChangePopulationGeographyClass 9 Mcq

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