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If natural increase is positive but total population is declining, what is the most appropriate explanation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Out-migration is greater than natural increase

The correct answer is B: out-migration is greater than the positive natural increase. Natural increase is calculated as births minus deaths. If births are greater than deaths, this part of the balance is positive. However, total population change also includes migration: total change = births − deaths + in-migration − out-migration. Suppose natural increase is +100 but 150 more people leave than enter. The total change is 100 − 150 = −50, so the population declines. A is wrong because in-migration greater than natural increase would normally add people and support growth, not explain a decline. C is wrong because equal births and deaths would make natural increase zero, not positive. D is wrong because migration can overcome a positive natural increase. Memory cue: positive natural increase does not guarantee total growth; always add the migration balance.

Related tags

Natural IncreaseOut-MigrationTotal Population ChangeProcesses Of Population ChangePopulationGeographyClass 9 Mcq

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