In which situation will the population of an area increase most rapidly?

Correct answer: Births are high and in-migration is high

Direct answer: B—when births are high and in-migration is high. Population increases when people are added through births and through people arriving from elsewhere. Step by step, high births increase the population naturally. High in-migration adds people who were previously living in another area. If deaths and out-migration are not large enough to cancel these additions, the total population rises rapidly. B is correct because both listed processes add population and are high at the same time. A is wrong because low births add fewer people while high deaths remove more. C is wrong because both high deaths and high out-migration reduce the population. D is wrong because low births and low in-migration provide only small additions. The word “most rapidly” requires identifying the strongest combination of adding processes, not merely one positive factor. Memory cue: rapid growth is favoured by high additions and low reductions.