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Which option correctly identifies adding and reducing processes?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Birth and in-migration add, while death and out-migration reduce

Direct answer: A—births and in-migration add people, while deaths and out-migration reduce the population of a particular area. Population change can be understood by tracking what enters the population and what leaves it. Step by step, a birth adds a new person to the population. In-migration adds a person who comes from another area. A death removes a person, and out-migration removes a person from the area when that person moves elsewhere. Therefore, a useful expression is: population change = births − deaths + in-migration − out-migration. A is correct. B reverses the effects of death and out-migration and incorrectly treats birth as a reduction. C is wrong because area and density are measurements or characteristics, not processes that give birth. D is wrong because rainfall and temperature are environmental factors; they are not forms of migration. Memory cue: “in” comes in and adds; “out” goes out and subtracts.

Related tags

Population ChangeBirthsDeathsMigrationProcesses Of Population ChangePopulationGeographyClass 9 Mcq

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